Lines of Longitude in Geography

Lines of Longitude in Geography Longitude is the angular distance of any point on Earth measured east or west of a point on Earths surface. Where Is Zero Degrees Longitude? Unlike latitude, there is no easy point of reference such as the equator to be designated as zero degrees in the longitude system. To avoid confusion, the worlds nations have agreed that the Prime Meridian, which passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, will serve as that reference point and be designated as zero degrees. Because of this designation, longitude is measured in degrees west or east of the Prime Meridian. For example, 30Â °E, the line passing through eastern Africa, is an angular distance of 30Â ° east of the Prime Meridian. 30Â °W, which is in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, is an angular distance of 30Â ° west of the Prime Meridian. There are 180 degrees east of the Prime Meridian and coordinates are sometimes given without the designation of E or east. When this is used, a positive value represents coordinates east of the Prime Meridian. There are also 180 degrees west of the Prime Meridian and when W or west is omitted in a coordinate a negative value such as -30Â ° represents coordinates west of the Prime Meridian. The 180Â ° line is neither east nor west and approximates the International Date Line. On a map (diagram), lines of longitude are the vertical lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole and are perpendicular to lines of latitude. Every line of longitude also crosses the equator. Because longitude lines are not parallel, they are known as meridians. Like parallels, meridians name the specific line and indicate the distance east or west of a 0Â ° line. Meridians converge at the poles and are farthest apart at the equator (about 69 miles (111 km) apart). Development and History of Longitude For centuries, mariners and explorers worked to determine their longitude in an effort to make navigation easier. Latitude was determined easily by observing the inclination of the sun or the position of known stars in the sky and calculating the angular distance from the horizon to them. Longitude could not be determined in this way because Earths rotation constantly changes the position of stars and the sun. The first person to offer a method for measuring longitude was the explorer Amerigo Vespucci. In the late 1400s, he began measuring and comparing the positions of the moon and Mars with their predicted positions over several nights at the same time (diagram). In his measurements, Vespucci calculated the angle between his location, the moon, and Mars. By doing this, Vespucci got a rough estimate of longitude. This method did not become widely used however because it relied on a specific astronomical event. Observers also needed to know the specific time and measure the moon and Mars positions on a stable viewing platform- both of which were difficult to do at sea. In the early 1600s, a new idea to measure longitude was developed when Galileo determined that it could be measured with two clocks. He said that any point on Earth took 24 hours to travel the full 360Â ° rotation of Earth. He found that if you divide 360Â ° by 24 hours, you find that a point on Earth travels 15Â ° of longitude every hour. Therefore, with an accurate clock at sea, a comparison of two clocks would determine longitude. One clock would be at the home port and the other on the ship. The clock on the ship would need to be reset to local noon each day. The time difference would then indicate the longitudinal difference traveled as one hour represented a 15Â ° change in longitude. Shortly thereafter, there were several attempts to make a clock that could accurately tell time on the unstable deck of a ship. In 1728, clockmaker John Harrison began working on the problem and in 1760, he produced the first marine chronometer called Number 4. In 1761, the chronometer was tested and determined to be accurate, officially making it possible to measure longitude on land and at sea. Measuring Longitude Today Today, longitude is more accurately measured with atomic clocks and satellites. The Earth is still divided equally into 360Â ° of longitude with 180Â ° being east of the Prime Meridian and 180Â ° west. Longitudinal coordinates are divided into degrees, minutes and seconds with 60 minutes making up a degree and 60 seconds comprising a minute. For example, Beijing, Chinas longitude is 116Â °2330E. The 116Â ° indicates that it lies near the 116th meridian while the minutes and seconds indicate just how close it is to that line. The E indicates that it is that distance east of the Prime Meridian. Although less common, longitude can also be written in decimal degrees. Beijings location in this format is 116.391Â °. In addition to the Prime Meridian, which is the 0Â ° mark in todays longitudinal system, the International Date Line is also an important marker. It is the 180Â ° meridian on the opposite side of the Earth and is where the eastern and western hemispheres meet. It also marks the place where each day officially begins. At the International Date Line, the west side of the line is always one day ahead of the east side, no matter what time of day it is when the line is crossed. This is because the Earth rotates east on its axis. Longitude and Latitude Lines of longitude or meridians are the vertical lines running from the South Pole to the North Pole. Lines of latitude or parallels are the horizontal lines running from the west to the east. The two cross each other at perpendicular angles and when combined as a set of coordinates they are extremely accurate in locating places on the globe. They are so accurate that they can locate cities and even buildings to within inches. For example, the Taj Mahal, located in Agra, India, has a coordinate set of 27Â °1029N, 78Â °232E. To view the longitude and latitude of other places, visit the collection of Locate Places Worldwide resources on this site.

MBA Essay Editing

MBA Essay Editing MBA Essay Editing MBA Essay Editing To get an MBA admission you need to stand out from the crowd as you impress the admissions committee with your wellrounded personality and ability to multi-task. But the last and most important step consists of MBA Essay Editing. While doing some MBA Essay Editing read through your essay to gauge if it exhibits some clear thinking. Clarity of thought will lead to clarity of purpose so put down: Your goals Your attributes through which you can achieve them The things that motivate you in life Once you have written your essay you still have the vital step of MBA Essay Editing to go through before your essay can reach the completed and polished stage. This is when you need to check and recheck the ideas and text for any flaws as well as mistakes. What is MBA Essay Editing? Editing consists of checking what you have written for Grammar and Spelling mistakes. You can do this by using a ruler under each line to assure accuracy. These are the things to watch out for while MBA Essay Editing: Have I spelled all the words correctly? Is my grammar flawless? Have I read and reread my essay till I am completely satisfied with the outcome? Are the subjects and verbs in agreement with each other? Does every sentence have a subject? Have I stuck in the right tense? Is there a logical flow and a proper progression of ideas? Are my ideas and thoughts clearly written and easy to follow? Do I have a strong thesis statement that is validated by the rest of the essay and re-enforced in the conclusion? Does my essay have a beginning, middle and an end: Will my essay hold the attention of my reader? MBA Essay Editing Help Proof reading and MBA Essay Editing can seem like a chore but it can make all the difference to the quality of your essay. You may have written a brilliant paper but clumsy English and faulty spellings can just about ruin it. One thing you have to keep in mind though is NOT to edit when you are fatigued. Always take a break after writing your paper and then start on the editing stage when you are refreshed. Also, remember to use spell-check as a part of your editing process-but remember not to rely on it 100% since even spell-checks can go wrong sometimes and may not show up a spelling error even when there is one. After careful planning and MBA Essay Editing you are bound to get the grades that you are looking for. Read also: Assignments Online Writing English Coursework Sociology Coursework Help Religious Coursework Religion Coursework

Media Log and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Media Log and Analysis - Essay Example Through an analysis of my media consumption, I managed to draw some conclusions and decipher a pattern. I will highlight the issue of sending text messages first. I realized that I am accustomed to sending more text messages during periods that I am not engaging actively in another activity. For example, I am likely to send very few texts when I am driving or playing video games. From my records, I sent a minimum of 30 messages over the 7 hours that I was busy playing video games. On the contrary, I sent 150 messages over a similar duration when I did not have much to do. This makes it clear that sending messages is a preferred preoccupation during times when I have nothing else to do. My first day of recording was a Friday and considering the fact that I sent 263 messages on Friday and 150 on Saturday, I deciphered that Saturday is a busier day translating to lesser time spent sending messages. The number of messages sent on Friday tells it all that I had little to do and I needed t o preoccupy myself through catching up with friends via messages. From this, I deciphered a negative relationship between the level of activity in the realistic world and the level of engagement in the electronic media world. Although sending text messages is fun, I realize that is should engage in real-time conversations with people. In addition, text messages often leave the recipient with a lot of room of reading in between the lines and deciphering more that a simple text intended to communicate. Moreover, I realized that it is easier for me to send a text message that starting up a conversation when I am around people (Wankel and Shaun 139). This serves to highlight the negative effects of relying on electronic media. Apparently, although I spent a lot of time sending text messages, phone calls are limited. On the first day, which was a Friday, I recorded fourteen calls. Interestingly, half of these calls were from family while the rest were from my close associates. The other two days had fewer phone calls because I was a lot busier. Sunday had only five phone calls and this implies that I spent quality time having real time conversations. Sending more text messages and having few phone calls reveals a different pattern in electronic media consumption. It shows sending messages is a preference over telephone conversations. The fact that I only engage in only fourteen phone calls while sending 263 text messages to friends only implies that I find it easier to talk to peers who are miles apart through messaging services. Moreover, I sent 126 messages on Friday from 22hrs to 4.00 am, but only had three phone calls. This implies that there is great preference to text friends during the night than during the day. However, this only happens when I am not busying myself with another form of electronic media, such as video gaming. It is evident that sending text messages has taken away the beauty of face-to-face relationships. Before this analysis, I had never r ealized that I have detached myself from the real people in my life. This has occurred in two ways. During my free time, I am busy with my phone instead of engaging actively with the people next to me (Wankel and Shaun 139). For example, it is likely for me to be sending text messages, active on the internet or checking mails instead of catching up with family over dinner. Alternatively, I would also watch a movie

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

History - Essay Example For instance, there is the ideal that our government should be in the hands of many, and not in the hands of a few. As I noted in an earlier essay, our country does not reflect this ideal right now. The government has allowed special interests and big corporations to have too much power. Why else would alternative energy be stifled, and not given enough government money to grow, and oil and gas industries continue to get subsidies? Why else would our health system be so broken? Why else can we not have any kind of meaningful gun laws? It seems that there are many inefficiencies in our country and that our country is slow to reform many industries, simply because these industries are too powerful. They scare our lawmakers, while simultaneously give them large campaign donations, so our lawmakers consciously make laws and policy that benefit the few at the expense of the many. But it doesn't have to be this way. It's not supposed to be this way. Our government is supposed to be for the many, not the few. Which means that policies and laws should be drawn up to benefit the masses, not just the big guys in society. Our lawmakers should therefore listen to the words of the founding fathers when the founding fathers said that our government is supposed to work to serve the many. They don't now, but imagine if we didn't have the Declaration of Independence for future generations to read and understand. Then there wouldn't be any impetus to change. Not that there is impetus to change, now, but there should be, and the Declaration of Independence can provide this impetus, perhaps, one day. Also, there is the quote about equal justice to all alike. Again, as noted in the prior essay, this is an ideal that is not being met. The poor do not get as much justice as the rich, simply because the poor cannot afford to hire the best legal counsel to get them out of situations, the same as the rich do. Just one example of this is the case that I read recently where a rich kid kil led three people while driving drunk. He got 10 years probation because he suffered from â€Å"affluenza,† which is basically an affliction that rich kids get because their parents never set limits for them. I could never imagine a poor kid getting the same kind of break, so this is a good example of the rich being entitled to better justice than the poor. Again, however, this is not how a just society should work. And the Declaration of Independence, with the emphasis on equal justice for all, can provide the road map that lawmakers need to make sure that justice is more equal between the rich and the poor, the black and the white, etc. This is something that simply must be done if our society is going to prosper and thrive. We cannot forget that this is one of the basic tenets of a justice society, and the Declaration of Independence is there to remind us of this fact. And the part about all men being created equal is also a very important part of the Declaration of Indepen dence. Because that is how it should be in this world. That, no matter the color of one's skin, or one's sexual orientation, there should not be any kind of prejudice or discrimination against the person. That is basic, absolutely basic, and it's something that is something that is

Historical Perspective of Management Essay Example for Free

Historical Perspective of Management Essay Max Weber was a German sociologist that pioneered the term bureaucracy. Weber founded six major principles of bureaucracy Formal hierarchical structure, Management by rules, Organization by functional specialty, An up-focused or in-focused mission, Purposely impersonal and Employment based on technical qualifications. (Busting Bureaucracy. com) A formal hierarchical structure is the management pyramid that is designed to control the level below with organized planning and decision making. For example (chain of command). Then he developed management by rules such as policies and handbooks that are used by lower levels. Next is organization by functionality specialty this means that each individual will be placed in a position according to their specialty. These three steps of bureaucracy are still used today in every business known. Max Weber designed this pyramid because in the 1930’s the industrialism of our country was expanding and it was no order of command business was ran without consistency. And a change was needed to make things run smoothly. My advice to managing people today is to organize your business according to functional specialization. Your employees and managers according to their skills and expertise so that each job will be done to the best of that person or persons knowledge and capabilities. Use clear lines of hierarchical authority in doing so you will need to put together a clear set of policy and rules that underline the chain of demand in detail. Your managers will need to be trained accordingly with consist seminars and meeting so that they can be well trained and fully informed about their duties and the duties of their staff. Decision making should be based on the rules and guidelines developed to guarantee consistent and effective reflection of organization goals.

It Has Been Two Years :: Love Letters Dating Email Relationships

Dear Matt, It has been three years since I have last held you in my arms. It is not fair how our years together feel so short lived, yet our time apart feels so long. Thank you for showing me how to number our days. The first time I ever laid my eyes on you, I was captured. It was not the way you introduced yourself or the way you shook my hand, but the look in your eyes that captured my heart. Thank you for showing me that love at first sight isn't just a fairy tale. I was convinced that you were something special. I felt it with every beat of my heart and breath that I breathed. Little did I know how right I was. As time went on we developed a friendship that I thought could only develop over years of knowing one another. Thank you for showing me that friendship cannot be measured by the amount of time spent in one and another's life. You gave me that chance where I was yours and you were mine. In that single moment all my dreams had come true. Thank you for helping me realize that dreams really do come true in real life and not just in books. We had so many wonderful times together. Some of our days were filled with adventure. In those days you brought out a side in me I never thought existed. Thank you for showing me that I too could be daring and adventurous. Then there were days filled with quiet moments. Those days are the ones I've cherished the most. Because, I would think for hours on end about happiness that I never thought that could exist between me and another person. Thank you for showing my happiness. We also had our hard days. There were fights that could have rattled the deepest depths of the ocean. We always recovered. Thank you for showing me how to forgive.

Crime Fiction Analysis Essay

Paul Darnell is a convicted sex offender who is released from prison and just three months after his release, a young girl is found raped and murdered just around the corner from the ex-con’s childhood home. As the investigators discover that his childhood victim area is in the same town as the girl who was raped and killed, they decide to arrest him for questioning and receive a warrant to search his house. They find a pile of â€Å"self help† DVD cases, which in fact hides criminal porn discs in them; as a result, Darnell is put on trial as a suspect to the case. Darnell tries to convince the jury that he has changed and his new found love, Judy, has changed him to make him into a considerate man who can control himself and his urges. Darnell wins the case and pleads not guilty for both the murder and rape of the past -victim girl. The investigators are left furious as a number of instances have seem to of proven Darnell’s guilt (such as following two girls home from school and his past offences of raping three young teenagers) and not long after Paul pleads guilty, he is found dead in Judy’s apartment, after he tried to rape her seventeen year old daughter. The daughter shot Paul in the head twice in self-defense, after his wrapped a garbage bag over her head to strike again. How does your source reveal information, ideas and an increased understanding of the issues surrounding your area of study? The area of study, being crime, is revealed in different varieties through out this particular episode of â€Å"Law & Order: UK. † Crime is a topic that is covered over a number issues such as theft, treason and rape + murder which is covered in this episode. There are many investigations, such as searching through the suspect’s house, going to his old neighborhood home etc. Interviews (with the suspect, witnesses, close acquaintances), identification (through photographs of both the victim and suspect) and court hearings (which occur quite frequently, which involve as many aspects as possible to help the jury decide whether Paul would be guilty or not) are all part of the tactics that the CSI team all go through to find the right person to fit the crime. According to medicine. com, a crime scene investigation (CSI) is defined as â€Å"the use of physical evidence at the scene of the crime and the use of deductive and inductive reasoning to gain knowledge of the events surrounding the crime. What are points of comparison between the source and your core text? * Between â€Å"Law & Order: UK† and â€Å"The Big Sleep† both investigating teams have tactics in order to find the suspected criminal/s. These are interviewing numerous people, asking around and getting hands on, in actually getting out into the field and doing work themselves. * Both have similar crimes involved: most common being murder. * Both involve a particular male / female role which is being victimised and criminal. Name of the source: Gangster Squad Type of source: Movie Area of Study: Crime Fiction Basic summary of the source content: â€Å"Gangster Squad† is a movie set in the late forties based on a true story set in Los Angeles. Mickey Cohen has become the most powerful figure in California’s criminal underworld, he is ruthless and controlling on both the legal and illegal sides of Los Angeles; he is known to have an â€Å"iron grip† over L. A. as nobody is willing to stand up to him in fear of the threatening gangster crew he carries around him. Until one day, the chief of Police, Chief Parker, has the idea to create a unit specialising in taking Cohen down to keep the city safe. A team is formed around Sargent O’Mara, who then asks four other police officers and a World War II Veteran to join his â€Å"gangster squad unit†. Another officer (Wooters) is asked to join the force but declines, as he is disillusioned from the war and his time on the police force. Wooters does although keep a close eye on Cohen and in doing so, becomes infatuated with his girlfriend / etiquette coach. As the team bugs Cohen’s house and keep a close eye on his surroundings, Cohen finds out in the process, and in result, the veteran is sacrificed. Things heat up and the plot turns into a full throttle war between the two squads after Cohen shoots into O’Mara’s home where his pregnant wife is at the time. Most of Cohen’s team is killed and later on O’Mara and Cohen go head to head in a boxing match where O’Mara wins and choen is jailed. How does your source reveal information, ideas and an increased understanding of the issues surrounding your area of study? There are more issues covered in this movie to deal with crime. Things such as blackmail, abduction, attempted rape (at the start of the movie), murder, theft, treason, adultery etc. Although this movie was based on a true story, crime fiction is used for entertainment purposes, which this is played up for that purpose. All of these different crimes make up a greater understanding of what is needed in a crime fiction story (detective, hard-boiled detective, red herring, crime, crime scene), which all relate back to the core text â€Å"The Big Sleep†, as there may be a different story line, the structure and purpose of each story is the same.

Neorealism vs. Neoliberalism

Mayixuan Li Ms. Reilly International Relations: Conflict and Cooperation in Global Politics October 22 2012 Neorealism, a concept of international relations that emerged in 1979 by Kenneth Waltz, is a theory which forces on demonstrating how the world works instead what the world ought to be. Neorealism thinkers claim that international structure is established by its ordering principle, which is anarchy, and by the distribution of power, measured by a number of great powers, which have the largest impact on what happens in world politics.Since there is no central agency that plays a role as â€Å"night watchman† (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 5) to guarantee the security of states, the anarchic international system pushes great powers to maximize their relative powers in order to attain the minimum goal of their own survival. The trepidation of security is primary factor influencing great powers’ behavior, and in turn makes great powers quickly recognize that the best way to s urvive without protection is to perpetually expand actual military capability until reach the ultimate aim – hegemony.Great powers can never be certain about other states’ intentions, which makes them fear each other, and view each other as potential enemies who always have the capability and motive to attack them. To guarantee their own survival, great powers adopt the logic of self – help acting according to their self – interest, and always look for opportunities to alter the balance of power by acquiring additional power for themselves and by thwarting their rivals to increase powers. The self – help system gives rise of security dilemma that reflects basic logic of offensive realism.No matter a states becomes strong or weak, both strength and weakness in national security can be provocative to other great powers. Mearsheimer states: â€Å" The essence of the dilemma is that the measures a state takes to increase its own security usually decre ase the security of other states. † (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 13) Neorealism offers a considerably broader definition of power, and view power as two types: actual power and latent power. Waltz states that power includes the following components: â€Å" size of population and territory, resource endowment, economic capability, military strength, political stability and ompetence. † (Waltz, 1979, p. 131) Actual power mainly points out military capability, such as army, air and naval forces, which directly gives great powers the wherewithal to hurt and possibly destroy each other. Latent power comprises size of population and territory, national wealth, and political stability. Rational great powers do not contend with current distribution of power, and always care about relative power rather than absolute power. They not only look for opportunities to take advantages of one another, but also work to ensure that other states do not take advantage of them.Before great powers take offensive actions, they consider carefully about the balance of power, about the costs and risks, and about both how much power they could increase and how much power their rivals could obtain. Nevertheless, great powers can never be sure how much power is enough to secure their survival in the ruthless international system. They not only strive to be the strongest, but also to be the only power – hegemony in the world. Mearsheimer defines:â€Å" A hegemon is a state that is so powerful that it dominates all the other states in the system. † (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 0) In international relation history, no state has ever achieved global hegemony because of the stopping power of water. The best condition great power could obtain is to become regional hegemony, which dominates distinct geographical areas. Once a great power becomes regional hegemony, it does not want any peers to contend with it. Moreover, neorealism considers three possible systems – unipolar system, bipolar system, and multipolar system. Among all three systems, multipolar system is the most dangerous system, and is more war – prone than is bipolar system.Neorealism occasionally advocates fostering human rights. Great powers might pursue non-security goals as long as the requisite behavior does not violate the paramount goal – pursuit of relative power. Indeed, these non – security goals sometimes complements relative powers, such as economic capability or national wealth is the foundation and resource of military power. Furthermore, great powers seek to prevent war and keep peace, however, they are not driven by a will to build an independent world, but largely by narrow calculations about relative power.Cooperation among nations is difficult to achieve and always difficult to sustain since great powers always consider relative gains by themselves comparing to relative gains by another great power. Neorealism certainly asserts no amount of cooperat ion can eliminate the dominating logic of security competition. Neorealism locates causation in the anarchic international system, which forces great powers to act aggressively toward each other in the survive competition.Great powers compete to maximize their relative power not because they have a will to fight with each other but because this is the only optimal way to ensure their survival in the dangerous world. Neorealism concludes that the view of long lasting peace is not likely to be achieved by great power become global hegemony, so the world is condemned to perpetual great power competition. There are three great debates referring to a series of disagreements between international relations scholars. The second great debate was a dispute between neorealism and neoliberalism.Neoliberalism, a response to neorealism, views international system more optimistically, and argues the fact that the world has become more interdependent in economics and in communications as well as i n human aspirations. Neoliberals agree with neorealism that the anarchic nature of international system is an inevitable circumstance that states have to confront. Nevertheless, there is a general tendency of interdependence among actors across national boundaries to cooperate with each other in modern international system, which gives rise of the idea of complex interdependence.While neorealism views that cooperation between states can rarely happen, neoliberalism holds a greater belief in cooperation according to the prisoner’s dilemma. A tale of two prisoners who are questioned after committing an alleged crime. Neither prisoner knows that is being said by the other, but if they both cooperate and confess to the crime, their time in prison will be shortened, where if neither confesses the sentence length will be even shorter.However, if one confesses and the other does not, then the one who confessed will be set free and the one who did not will receive a lengthy jail term (Mingst 2004, p. 63). Neoliberalists use this to explain why states could wish to cooperate with each other, and even in an anarchic system of autonomous rational states, cooperation can still emerge through the building of norms, regimes and institutions. The importance of such cooperation is that actors have to play the game in an indefinite number of interactions, which abundantly conforms to the real international system.Moreover, neoliberalism recognizes not only sovereign states as important and rational actors, but also other actors are both principal and logical. Neoliberals always focus on absolute gains instead relative gains in such cooperation relationship. Multiple channels, summarized as interstate, trans – governmental, and transnational relation, provides more freedom to connect societies by both informal ties between nongovernmental elites and formal ties between governmental foreign offices. Through these channels political change occurs, in turns, states b ecome more interdependent.Since there are various cooperative issues in different areas among states, trans – governmental politics will make goals of states difficult to define. Neoliberalism also acknowledges more contributions made by international organizations, which helped to activate potential coalitions and strive to obtain opinion by every state. Furthermore, all non – security issues can no longer be subordinated to military security, which gives opportunities to a multitude of different agendas coming to the forefront.The line between domestic and foreign policy becomes blurred, and there is no hierarchy among issues. Military capability does not dominate the agenda anymore, and gradually becomes a less effective instrument to achieve other objectives such as economic and social goals. Nevertheless, the existence of mutual dependence does postulate another type of power. Sensitivity and vulnerability are two essential dimensions of states.When a costly impos ed situation from outside happens, the amount of sensitivity shows how quickly this imposed situation could affect one country from various aspects, and the vulnerability can be defined as an actor’s liability to suffer costs imposed by external events even after politics have been altered. Vulnerability is particularly important of interdependence structure. Even in the world of interdependence, there is no evenly balanced mutual dependence. Neoliberalism asserts two types of dependence, asymmetries in dependence, and symmetries in dependence, the latter hardly emerge.States can be less dependent or more dependent because of their level of sensibility and vulnerability. Less dependent actors can often use the interdependent relationship as a source of power in bargaining over an issue and perhaps to affect other issue. Power not only can be thought of as military capability, but also can be viewed as the ability of an actor to get others to do something they otherwise would not do. Neoliberalism claims that states act according to their self – interest to cooperate with each other, and to make the world more interdependence through different gendas. The use of military force is not exercised when complex interdependence prevails, so therefore the world could become more peaceful and prosperous. Bibliography Mearsheimer, John. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. United States: 2011. Waltz, K. Theory of International Politics. United States: McGraw-Hill: 1979. Mingst, K. A. Essentials of International Relations. New York: W. W. Norton: 2004. Axelrod, Robert. The Evolution of Cooperation. United States. Keohane, Robert O. Power and Interdependence. United States: 2000.

Film Reveiw-Two Can Play at that Game essays

Film Reveiw-Two Can Play at that Game essays STARRING: Vivica .A. Fox, Morris Chestnut CRITICS WARNING: Sexual References, little offensive language, but great storyline. Colour 123 minutes Is your man playing up? Showing signs of infidelity or as Shante Smith (Vivica. A. Fox) would say... Is Your Man Showing His Ass? Director Mark Brown certainly knows how to entertain the female sex with a boy punching plot to capture any womans mind on a revenge pursuit to get back at her unfaithful man. An interesting style to this film is the narration of the storyline by the main character Shante Smith. It is a fun humorous film where black Americans and their comical ways deal with relationships set in the rich area of America Suburbia. Shante Smith- Senior Advertising executive from Parker and Law has a great life with no worries. Shante is the envy of her three best friends (Carla, Dianne, Leslie) as their relationships are failing. She uses their experiences with men as examples to relate advice to women. One example she provides is that the most common excuse from men, for a woman to know her man is cheating, is Im Working late! One night when she and the girls get together to have a few drinks her man Keith (Morris Chestnut) calls to say he cant make it because hes Working Late! Now Shante is forced to launch her 10 day plan to get him back into her arms using some very intriguing tactics. It is a captivating story of a woman who thought she had it all. Now she must use her own advice for her own experiences. It is a very easy film to follow as it transforms into in a 10 day sequence. The drama of Shantes efforts to retrieve her man is very entertaining. Set in the wealthy areas of America, there is more focus on the attractive actors than any scenery within the film. Fox plays an excellent role as the dominant female, leading the way, until she meets rival Conn ...

Ice Storm of 1998 in Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick

Ice Storm of 1998 in Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick For six days in January 1998, freezing rain coated Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick with 7-11 cm (3-4 in) of ice. Trees and hydro wires fell and utility poles and transmission towers came down causing massive power outages, some for as long as a month. It was the most expensive natural disaster in Canada. According to Environment Canada, the ice storm of 1998 directly affected more people than any other previous weather event in Canadian history. Date January 5-10, 1998 Location Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick, Canada Size of the Ice Storm of 1998 The water equivalent of freezing rain, ice pellets, and a little snow was double previous major ice storms.The area covered was massive, extending from Kitchener, Ontario through Quebec to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and also covering parts of New York and New England.Most freezing rain lasts for a few hours. In the ice storm of 1998, there were more than 80 hours of freezing rain, nearly double the annual average. Casualties and Damage from the Ice Storm of 1998 28 people died, many from hypothermia.945 people were injured.Over 4 million people in Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick lost power.About 600,000 people had to leave their homes.130 power transmission towers were destroyed and more than 30,000 utility poles fell.Millions of trees fell, and more continued to break and fall for the rest of the winter.The estimated cost of the ice storm was $5,410,184,000.By June 1998, about 600,000 insurance claims totaling more than $1 billion were filed. Summary of Ice Storm of 1998 Freezing rain started on Monday, January 5, 1998, as Canadians were starting back to work after the Christmas holidays.The storm coated everything in glassy ice, making all forms of transportation treacherous.As the storm continued, layers of ice built up, weighing down power lines and poles, and causing massive power outages.At the height of the ice storm, 57 communities in Ontario and 200 in Quebec declared a disaster. More than 3 million people were without power in Quebec and 1.5 million in Eastern Ontario. About 100,000 people went into shelters.By Thursday, January 8, the military was brought in to help clear debris, provide medical assistance, evacuate residents, and canvass door-to-door to make sure people were safe. They also worked to restore power.Power was restored in most urban areas in a matter of days, but many rural communities suffered for much longer. Three weeks after the beginning of the storm, there were still 700,000 people without power.Farmers were especially hard hit. Nearly a quarter of Canadas dairy cows, a third of the cropland in Quebec and a quarter in Ontario were in the affected areas. Milk processing plants were shut, and about 10 million liters of milk had to be dumped.Much of the sugar bush used by Quebec maple syrup producers were permanently destroyed. It was estimated that it would take 30 to 40 years before syrup production could return to normal.

Market Structures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Market Structures - Essay Example An oligopoly, on the other hand is a market situation where there are few competitors in the market, but each competitor is large enough to affect the market price. The concentration of power rests on a few players now, rather than just one. And like in the case of the monopolist, while there is competition already, each player still has enough power to curb production, affect quantity of output or raise prices. While there has been a very fine line between an oligopoly and cartel, the difference lies between the formalization of groups that comprise the competition to serve a common purpose. In an oligopoly, the individual players have enough power to affect prices in the market. When these players form a group of a common purpose in order to regulate the supply in a certain market, thus actively controlling the price it becomes a cartel. The difference between an oligopoly and a cartel lies in forming an association between the players to limit the competition. An example of a monopoly is a power distribution company that serves a certain area. Monopolies of these sorts are apparent in networks, in order to ensure a certain level of supply to keep prices from fluctuating and hurting consumers. The telephone service industry is an example of oligopoly. The players in the industry can affect the market price of various telephone services by preempting to control prices of a service, which could lead the other competitors to either follow or counter the attack. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is a good example of a cartel. In order to regulate the supply in the oil market, these countries form in order to produce a quota, or certain amount of supply in accordance to their contribution to the supply target of the cartel. Monopolies and oligopolies over time accumulate as much resources that are enough to fund breakthrough scientific discoveries and research and